Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a flavin-containing
enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of a
variety of amine-containing
neurotransmitters such as serotonin,
norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine to
yield the corresponding aldehydes (1). MAO
exists in two isoforms, namely MAO-A and
MAO-B, which are the products of two
distinct genes (2).
MAO-A and B exhibit different
specificities to substrates and inhibitor
selectivities. Extensive studies have been
preformed to characterize their properties
(3-7). MAO-A acts preferentially on
serotonin and norepinephrine, and is
inhibited by clorgyline. MAO-B acts
preferentially on 2-phenylethylamine and
benzylamine and is inhibited by deprenyl and
pargyline.
Localized in the outer mitochondrial
membrane, these enzymes are found throughout
the body. Often only one form of the enzyme
is present in a specific organ and/or within
a specific cell type (8-9). In addition to
their role in regulating neurotransmitters,
these enzymes are also involved in
processing biogenic amines (10) including
tyramine (11).
The Fluoro MAO-A/B detection kit utilizes
a non - fluorescent substrate, 10-Acetyl-3,
7-dihydroxyphenoxazine (ADHP) to detect H202
released from the conversion of a substrate
to its aldehyde via MAO-A/B. Furthermore, H202
oxidizes ADHP in a 1:1 stoichiometry to
produce a fluorescent product resorufin.
This oxidation is catalyzed by Peroxidase.
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